汽車造型的設計研究

  【摘要】  造型是工業設計永恒的主題。曾幾何時，功能主義、使用設計乃至生活方式設計覆蓋了人們的設計思域，但是細細想來一切功能、結構、人機、市場需求的實現都應該立足于以人為本，并最終歸結于造型的表達，所以有必要對造型做一個深入的研討。

    汽車作為對人類生活影響極大的所謂“第一商品”，其造型也必然的受到各方面因素的影響，并且反過來影響人類的各個層面，特別是其他種類商品的造型風格和趨勢。因此，本文對于汽車的造型設計從政治、經濟、文化、社會等各個方面展開研討，并著重運用視覺心理學、審美生理學、仿生學等方法對汽車具體的造型風格、線型特征、視覺功能等做出自己的判斷，繼而得出較有普遍指導意義的法則。

    出于對社會生活中實際需求的體察，確立了社區用微型電動車的概念。為此，首先著手開發適用于該車型的新型電動車底盤，并且對其進行了動力性能和行駛狀況的試驗，分析結果提出改進意見，取得了進一步開發的技術前提。在此之上，運用前述的法則，并細化為微型電動車的造型設計對策，完成下一步使用功能的設計，最終達到功能合理、使用方便、造型美觀、綠色環保、經濟適用的要求。

【關鍵詞】  汽車 造型設計 社區 電動車 設計開發

Car Styling Design Research &
Development of mini-Electric Vehicle for Community

Zengyong
(College of Artistic Design, Nanjing University of technology)

【Abstract】 Styling is the everlasting theme of industrial design. The ideas, such as functionalism, design for use and lifestyle have fulfilled the field of ID at one time. But when we think it thoroughly, we must find that all the realization of functions, constructions, ergonomics and marketable wants should base on the idea, which is said, “focus on people”. And they must end in an expression with styling. So it’s needful to get a research on styling in-depth.

    As is said “the pivotal merchandise” for its great affect on human beings, car styling itself is affected from lots factors, and affects all the aspects of its time, especially the manner & trend of other merchandises. So, this paper takes a research on many fields, such as politics, economics, culture and society. Its emphasis is to make a judgment and universal rule on the specific style, graphic feature and visual function of car by visual psychology, aesthetically physiology and bionics.

    In view of the really needs of people’s life, the idea of mini electric-vehicle (EV) used in community is founded. For this, we firstly design and make a newly EV chassis, then take an experience of its dynamic and running. By analyses the result and give an improvement opinion, we get a technology premise to the next development. Based on this, aforesaid rule become to a styling plan of mini EV. Finally, the design for use is finished, and the requirement of proper functions, convenience, handsome, economy and friendly environmental interface achieved.

【Keyword】 Car, Styling, Community, Electric-Vehicle, Development